Taekwondo as an Art
Taekwondo includes a number of different training methods, each emphasizing a separate aspect of the art. Basically, one trains in fundamental stances, blocks, punches, strikes and kicks.
The method of training, however, can vary greatly depending on the objective. For instance, "forms training" (Poomsae) uses an extensive regimen of patterns and emphasizes prearranged movements. It's objective is the best possible performance of the techniques that make up a given pattern.
On the other hand, sparring (Kyorugi) is trained around fitness, reaction time, flexibility and speed. Kyorugi is "free-form"- unrehearsed, semi to full contact sparring against real opponents. This form is what has become the known as the Olympic sport.